Juveniles Essay Example For Students

Juveniles Essay As I entered the juvenile detention facility on 150th, I began to wonder about the female detainee I was going to interview regarding placement. I am sitting in a locked room with a desk, two (2) chairs and a large plexie glass window. As the staff arrived she was accompanied with Farouka (the name has been changed to protect confidentiality). Farouka is a 14-year-old Caucasian/Hispanic female small in stature, wearing county blues (issued clothing). She appeared fearful and teary eyed. She has been detained and adjudicated due to strong-armed robbery. Farouka was involved with two other young people in robbing another 14-year-old in front of a 7-11 convenient store. They beat and kicked the victim and stole approximately $20.00 in cash. The convenient store clerk had interrupted the crime. As a result of the beating the victim was taken to the hospital. During the interview Farouka was very unclear of her punishment (group home placement for 12 months) and felt it was too harsh. Her reasoning was because it was her first offense. However, Farouka had been expelled from school due to fighting and required to go to continuation school. There is a history of truancy, out of parental control, drug and alcohol abuse. It is clear that due to her many questions she was unable to deduct the reasons behind her consequence. It is because of the circumstances and situations, similar in nature to that of Faroukas our government has been forced to re-evaluate juvenile crime in America. Although trends in America show that society wants to try juveniles as adults for violent crimes, rehabilitation for the majority of our youths is the best solution. Juveniles Tried as Adults 2 Due to the evolution of increasingly dangerous and serious violent crimes committed by todays youths, law makers have been put in the position according to Schwartz, to give our communities a false sense of public protection (CQ Researcher, 1994). This is done through the creation of legislation aimed at punishing juveniles for the crimes they commit. However, it is clear that trying juveniles as adults does not address the crime rate or why violent crimes are committed, because it is simply a quick-fix policy that only surfaces around election years, implying that its political (Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, 1996). Secondly, the majority of crimes committed by juveniles are done so between the hours of 2pm-6pm (Biden, 1998, p.2). As stated, by Governor Wilson of California, until we reform the law, until those who are in fact guilty of serious crimesuntil they are treated as seriously as their crimes require, they are literally going to continue to get away with murder. This shift of emphasis in the crime policy from treatment and rehabilitation to punishment is perceived to stem from the moral panic to violent delinquency (Howell, 1997, p.28), this is because crimes that are being committed among the youths are of the same caliber as crimes committed by adults. In contra st, there are three types of juveniles; first, there are small percentages that commit violent crimes (rape, murder, etc.). Second, there are those who commit less violent crimes (i.e. petty theft). Third, there is a growing population of minors who are at risk of committing crimes (Biden, 1998, p.2). In addition, there are those who believe if you commit the crime you should pay the time. Juveniles should not be tried as adults for violent crimes and given the opportunity to be rehabilitated. Case in point, in the October 1998 issue of Emerge Magazine is a feature article about an 11-year old boy named Nathaniel who is charged with murdering an 18-year old male Juveniles Tried as Adults 3 and shooting at others. He has confessed to firing a stolen gun, but claims he was playing around and not shooting at anyone. Nathaniel has been identified as one emotionally impaired and is functioning three to four years below his age level. He lives in one of Michigans notorious housing project s, where poverty and crime are bedfellows. Nathaniel had been experiencing problems at school and has been questioned by the police on twenty-two occasions for a variety of reasons. Juveniles can be rehabilitated through measures of behavior modification. Nathaniel fits the classic model needed for a study that tested a theory of social learning to explain juvenile delinquency. This theory is based upon altering the social environment of the delinquent, in order to reduce juvenile crime. The study found that interventions aimed at younger, first time offenders may have been more effective (Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1991). Moreover, trying juvenile as an adult could result in grave physical harm of the minor. Since the passing of the S-10 Bill, the Violent and Repeat Juvenile Offender Act of 1997, institutions are no longer mandated to house juveniles in separate quarters from adults, keeping them out of harms way. Instead, now they can be housed alongside adult felons wh o may have nothing to lose. creating an increase in rape, sodomy, and suicide. Furthermore, there is evidence that juveniles who are convicted under the adult system have a high rate of recidivism. Biden states, juveniles tried as adults are more likely to be put on probation, to spend less time in prison, and to commit more crimes in the future that juveniles tried and sentenced in the juvenile system (1998, p.2.). Finally, I contend that rehabilitation is better because they are on children. Children develop behaviors that they see adults exhibit. They are not as mature as adults. They do not have the same cognitive development as adults. If juveniles were capable of making adult Juveniles Tried as Adults 4 decisions then states would not have to put age related sanctions on voting, driving, or the purchase of liquor or tobacco products (Valentine, 1998, p.49). There are countless studies done on child development and socialization of youths, however, Skinner has been the major in fluence in contemporary psychology (Hollin, 1990, p.7). Skinner contends that children learn through Operant Learning. It is his theory that the individuals behavior is related to the environmental consequences it produces. That behavior is either reinforced or punished. For example, in the case of Farouka, if she had been brought before the court during the time period of truancy (early stages of delinquent behavior), an environmental history could have been done. It would have revealed that her father died of a drug overdose, her mother is a current drug and alcohol user, and that she lives in a neighborhood similar to Nathaniels (where crime and poverty are bedfellows). The environment in which she lives in reinforces her negative behaviors, whereas she gains status and recognition for delinquent behavior. Provided this information was known before the infamous strong-armed robbery, it could have been prevented through early intervention. Farouka could learned new behaviors and g ained tools, which should could live a more positive and productive life. Juveniles Tried as Adults 5 References Biden, J. (1998, Winter). Attacking Youth Violence. Criminal Justice Ethics, v17 il p.2(1). Glazer, S. (1994, February). Juvenile Justice. CQ Researcher, v4 p.171-183. Hollin, C. (1990). Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions with Young Offenders, Psychology Practitioner Guidebooks. p.7. Howell, J. (1997) Improving the balance between child development and juvenile punishment in a comprehensive strategy: a comment on Vila. Politics and the Life Sciences. V16 nl p.2894). Lew, B., Hicks-Marlowe, J., Reid, J., Patterson, C., Weinrott, M. (1991). A comparative evaluation of parent training interventions for families of chronic delinquents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, v19, p15 (19). Mowatt, R. (1996, January 11). Harsher penalties urged for juveniles in California. Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, p. 111K6230. Valentine, V. (1998, October). Youth Crime, Adult Time. 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Job Cost Accounting Systems free essay sample

Set specific expectations against which actual results can be compared Obtain a good compensation package Get promoted for doing a good job Complete the budgeting task on time A good budgeting system forces managers to examine the business as they plan, allowing them to do which of the following? (Choose 2) Complete the budgeting task on time Detect inaccurate historical records Set a plan for resource allocation Communicate the organizations short-term goals to its members A approach is when upper management sets specific goals and encourages, or dictates, that rank-and-file employees make those goals happen for the equines.Which of the following are nonofficial attributes of an organization? (Choose 2) Materials Products Equipment Quality of service or product Employees 2) Quality of service or product Buildings Time To gain the benefits of budgeting, the budget. (Choose 2) senior management shareholders the IRS the bank that grants a loan to the company financial staff must unders tand and support middle management the board of directors An alternative approach that requires a department or business unit to justify all expenditures every budget period is called budgeting. We will write a custom essay sample on Job Cost Accounting Systems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Of time.Advantages of the top-down approach include better advertising opportunities for different parts of the organization to improve their operations more income better employee management The budget is best done in writing because of which of the following? (Choose 2) Can be used to send to shareholders Can be adjusted Can be communicated to the affected personnel and organizational departments Will not be lost May be referred to from time to time provides a concrete financial plan Many copies can be made A budget provides a tool to use the payroll employees Income off business.

Sample Essay on the Affordable Care Act

Sample Essay on the Affordable Care ActThere are many different ways to write a sample essay on the Affordable Care Act. Some of the most popular and effective essays include: the employer mandate, price sharing, the individual mandate, and a transition to a health insurance marketplace. Here are a few sample strategies for writing a sample essay on the Affordable Care Act.We are in the midst of a recent economic disaster that has left millions of people out of work. The fact that many people are in poverty makes the task of finding jobs more difficult. One method that may be less applicable is talking about how much money people make.People on minimum wage may not have as much of a chance at finding employment as someone earning six figures. To create a market for the employer mandate is to create a market for employers. This is why an employer mandate is important for creating an environment where employers will seek a labor force that is qualified to fill a particular position. Th is is an extremely important issue that can affect everyone in America.No matter how much money you make, you should always strive to provide the best quality care possible for your patients. As such, you should do everything you can to reduce costs. An employer mandate would require an employer to provide health insurance to employees. Your role in reducing costs should be to reduce the number of healthcare professionals who work in your facility.As more doctors are retiring, they will be leaving a large pool of inexperienced practitioners to fill in the gaps. The premium for an employee with pre-existing conditions will be higher than someone without one. Those who are healthier will be forced to pay a higher premium because they are more likely to spend more money than those who are unhealthy. Having a positive outcome on your credit score is another major effect of providing health insurance to your employees.A major focus of healthcare reform is to increase the number of provid ers, while ensuring that everyone can receive the care they need. A focus on prevention can be very important when treating the uninsured, because most healthcare problems stem from something other than the uninsured. People must be educated about the importance of preventive care.Writing a sample essay on the Affordable Care Act should include everything from thinking about the employer mandate, to identifying key facts about the individuals covered by the bill, to how the system will affect you and your staff. Make sure that you tailor your essay to the topics you want to cover and the type of focus you want. The end result should be a work of art that educates your readers about the policy being discussed.

Equality and Diversity Essay Example

Equality and Diversity Essay Example Equality and Diversity Essay Equality and Diversity Essay This essay examines the cardinal factors that influence inclusive acquisition and instruction in the womb-to-tomb acquisition sector. Teaching methods will change harmonizing to what you want to acquire out of the session. what the scholars are able to accomplish within the clip frame. what stuffs and resources are available. what you are learning. the demands of the scholars and your personal manner. This could be formal. informal or a mixture of both. Formal learning methods include lectors. presentations and presentations. Informal learning includes treatments. group work and practical activities. As I will be learning within the Beauty Therapy my lessons would be a mixture of both these bringing methods. Each activity within the schoolroom will dwell of instruction and acquisition activities which are balanced to run into the different demands of my scholars. Blended acquisition incorporates both traditional and computing machine based methods. This is normally referred to as Information larning engineering ( ICT ) this usage of computing machine based engineering to heighten learning methods and resources or develop learner liberty is widely promoted. The other chief instruction methods other than ICT I am choosing to utilize are lectors and presentations. The importance and benefits of valuing and promoting cultural diversity in work with children and young people Actively promoting and being aware of cultural diversity will improve learning, knowledge and understanding of all pupils. To be able to fully support children you need to include their background and culture to build a relationship. This could be in forms of global week, celebrate festivals, trips, RE, displays, books, food, toys and resources and exchange programs. They should be on going promotions not just at certain times of the year. We do all this to promote understanding, acceptance, awareness, to accept other people and eliminate prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. Understand the impacts of prejudice and discrimination on children and young people How Own attitudes, values and behaviour could impact on work with children and young people Being in a catholic school and being catholic myself it would be easy to reflect my own attitudes and values onto others. However, doing so would alienate and outcast our pupils who have other religious beliefs and cultures. The importance of promoting anti-discriminatory practice in work with children and young people Actively demonstrating anti-discriminatory practice in everything you do to ensure that no pupil feels that their beliefs, race or culture are wrong or unwanted. How to challenge discrimination If you were to come across a group of boys playing football and a girl comes and asks to play, to which the boys respond with â€Å" NO! Girls cant play football† You would take them aside and explain what was said that was discriminatory and why it was discriminatory. Explain how this would effect the girl and how it would make her feel. Suggest what could be done to ensure it doesn’t continue. Any discrimination needs to be reported to your superior at school. In cases of racism, this should be reported to the head teacher. Understand inclusion and inclusive practices in work with children and young people What is meant by inclusion and inclusive practices Inclusion is about giving everyone the same chance at all opportunities. Ensuring that pupils, whatever their situation can fully join in with all aspects of school life. Inclusive practice is the way schools recognise barriers and understand the need to overcome them and implement it in order to include pupils. Inclusive practice is adapting and implementing the needs of all pupils in school. Features of a inclusive setting for children and young people Features of an inclusive setting Adapted toilets Resources Wide doors and corridors Room size Chair size for child Ramps Multi language welcome poster Adapted car park Bilingual speaker

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Spanish

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Spanish Look in just about any good Spanish dictionary, and most verbs will be listed as either transitive (verbo transitivo, often abbreviated in dictionaries as vt or tr) or intransitive (verbo intransitivo, abbreviated to vi or int). These designations can give you an important clue as to how the verb is used in sentences. What Are Transitive and Intransitive Verbs? A transitive verb is simply one that needs a direct object (a noun or a pronoun that the verb acts upon) to complete its thought. An intransitive one does not. An example of a transitive verb is the English verb to get and one of its Spanish equivalents, obtener. If you were to use the verb by itself, such by saying I get in English or obtengo in Spanish, it is clear you arent expressing a complete thought. Theres a natural follow-up question here: What are you getting?  ¿Quà © obtengas? The verb simply isnt complete without an accompanying noun (or pronoun) to indicate what is being obtained: I am getting an error message. Obtengo un mensaje de error. Another transitive verb is to surprise or its Spanish equivalent, sorprender. To express a complete thought, the verb must indicate who is surprised: It surprised me. Me sorprendià ³. To get, to surprise, obtener and sorpender, then, are all transitive verbs. They must be used with an object. Intransitive verbs are used without objects. They stand by themselves without acting on a noun or pronoun. Although they can be modified in meaning using adverbs or phrases, they cannot take a noun as an object. An example is the English verb to flourish and its Spanish equivalent, florecer. It doesnt make sense to flourish something, so the verb stands alone: The sciences flourished. Florecà ­an las ciencias. There are many verbs that can be used either transitively or intransitively. One example is to study or estudiar. You can use an object for a transitive usage (I am studying the book. Estudio el libro.) or without an object for an intransitive usage (I am studying. Estudio.). To write and escribir can be used in exactly the same ways. Take Note Transitive verbs (or verbs that are used transitively) need a direct object to be complete.Intransitive verbs do not need an object to be complete.Usually, but not always, Spanish verbs and their English counterparts match each other in transitivity. Verb Usage in Spanish vs. English The distinctions between transitive and intransitive verbs usually dont give Spanish students a lot of trouble. Most of the time, when a transitive verb is used in English, youll use a transitive one in Spanish. However, there are some verbs that can be used transitively in one language but not the other, or the opposite. That is one reason you may want to check the dictionary before you try using a verb in a way you havent heard it before. An example of a verb that can be used transitively in English but not Spanish is to swim, as in He swam the river. But the Spanish equivalent, nadar, cant be used in that way. While you can swim something in English, you cant nadar algo in Spanish. Youll need to recast the sentence: Nadà ³ por el rà ­o. The opposite can happen as well. In English, you cant sleep something, but in Spanish you can: La madre durmià ³ al bebà ©. The mother put the baby to sleep. In translating such verbs to English, youll often need to recast the sentence. Note that there are some verbs that are classified as neither transitive nor intransitive. These include pronominal or reflexive verbs (often abbreviated in Spanish as prnl), compulative or linking verbs (cop), and auxiliary verbs (aux). Pronominal verbs are listed in dictionaries as ending in -se. Examples of Spanish Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Use Transitive verbs: Comà ­ tres hamburguesas. (I ate three hamburgers.)El estudiante golpeà ³ la pared. (The student hit the wall.)Cambiarà © el dinero en el aeropuerto. (I will change the money in the airport.) Intransitive verbs: Comà ­ hace dos horas. (I ate three years ago. Hace tres horas is an adverbial phrase, not an object. The verb in the next example is also followed by an adverbial phrase.)La luz brillaba con muchà ­sima fuerte. (The light shone very strongly.)Las mofetas huelen mal. (Skunks stink.)

Position Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Position Paper - Essay Example This paper will serve to look into the reasons as to why animal testing should not be tolerated and should be banned altogether from use in our highly advanced 21st century society of animal rights activists. According to NAVS, the reason that animals became the de-facto choice for testing of human products was really quite simple, the animal body closely resembled that of humans. For the early scientific community, that was the only criteria they needed in order to justify animal testing. The first documented use of animal experimentation dates back to the 4th century. But our modern society no longer has a need to use animal testing now that we understand the human and animal body a lot better than our ancestors ever did. Many doctors agree animal experimentation should be taken with a grain of salt, because it is outdated, inaccurate, and an unnecessary evil needing to come to an end. Fergie Woods M.D. states, â€Å"Animals tend to react differently than humans to drugs, vaccines , and experiments which can consequently be very harmful to humans’ health.† A clear example of the huge difference in results between animal and human testing can be seen in the conflicting results of Thalidomide testing during the 1960's and 1970's. Although the sedative had no visible and long term effect on the animals it was tested upon, it caused massive physical damage upon the human babies whose mother's were unlucky enough to have taken the drug during the pregnancy. Of the mothers who had taken Thalidomide, at least ten thousand children were born throughout the world with severe deformities (Woods). Then there is also the Digitalis case wherein the dogs who took the drug were found to have elevated levels of blood pressure. However, the drug did not have the same effect during human testing. Rather, the drug helped to lower the human heart rate whenever necessary. Another example of the inconsistency between human and animal reaction is digitalis, a drug whic h can be credited in saving countless cardiac patients’ lives by lowering their heart rate. When digitalis was tested on dogs, it raised their blood pressure to dangerously high levels (Woods). NAVS members point out in a study Mark Levin, Ph.D. presented results regarding the inaccuracy of animal models in drug testing. Levin found that in twenty-eight new drugs tested for liver toxicity in rats, seventeen were shown to be safe. Of the drugs cleared during testing, eight proved to be safe for human use and six were found to be toxic to humans. In another study, spanning over ten years, the FDA found out of one hundred and ninety-eight new medications developed, one hundred and two were either recalled or had side effects not predicted in animal tests (NAVS). Since the results of animal testing these days no longer confirm the same effects to be probable in humans, the need to test drugs and other medical related items on animals has become an archaic and moot point. It no lo nger serves in man's best interests. â€Å"Experimenting on animals in order to understand the drug or disease response in humans is an archaic and scientifically invalid research method†, states NAVS. Animal rights organization, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) argue that the cruelty animals endure during

The Relocation of the Willnam Working and Service Building Essay

The Relocation of the Willnam Working and Service Building - Essay Example In this paper, the researcher will first present a detailed analysis of the main procedure regarding the timing of activities and the total float. For determining the activity time the researchers assign an appropriate timeline to each project activity. This time is given through some analytical or statistical study. Here the researchers make use of these methods to observe the main project achievement and development time. By this time the researchers obtain a project main timeline for the project execution. Here the researchers also assign the opposite sequence to each activity of the project. Through these assigned activity sequencing, the expansion of a project network diagram is developed. This procedure is able to be pretty time intense if completed by hand. Luckily, there are development organization software tools that be able to build network illustrations although there can be an illustration where the researchers have to perform it by hand. One of the main causes for build ing a plan organization network drawing is to decide the elasticity of the network. Total float is the time accessible for holding-up a movement with no hold-up end Date of the plan. The entire float of a task is then the biggest probable hold-up in the finishing of this task that will not reason a hold-up in the achievement of the whole project. This recommends the succeeding automatic notion: The CP (critical path) is the preeminent time's path in the course of the network diagram that makes a decision about the direct quantity of time projected for the achievement of a project. As planning, the CP attributes and activities naturally have a float equivalent to 0 (zero). To decide critical path actions, intact Float is computed per duty. Project activities that are not programmed in the CP will have the float. The process for the computation of the Total Float is the divergence between the Early Start and Late Start or like this (LS-ES). The researchers can also have an additional way for that is the difference between Early Finish and Late Finish or (LF-EF). To achieve the basic values to find the Total Float, every achievement would have to go in the course of the presumptuous pass to work out the untimed values as well as the rearward pass to compute the not on time values, subsequently that the â€Å"Total Float† method could be purposeful to every job. For the reason that this is capable to be fairly time overwhelming, the subsequent shortcut is able to decrease the time it acquires to compute Total Float: To decide the entire Float considered for the leftover tasks, go away to the subsequently top pathway.